Its utility is not limited to persons with special skill sets rather it comes in handy to individuals in all works of life and professions. In order for anyone to successfully manage a project, the project management process or group has to be taken into consideration. The following are the groups:
Initiation stage
The initiation stage is the first in the project management process. There are two processes at this initial stage. These are the project charter and the identification of stakeholders. The project charter is a document that summarizes the minute details of a plan. It answers the question of the purpose for which a plan is to be made. If for example, a person wants to construct a building, a charter would consist of object & scope, the idea of the cost, the time frame of the project and important stakeholders.
The identification of stakeholders is also a simple process, it involves listing all the important stakeholders. The primary stakeholder being the sponsor of the project.
The planning stage.
Subsequent to the approval for the project, this stage commences. It is more complex and involves a lot more details than the initial stage. It raises three fundamental questions; the first, what is the task to be carried out, how is the task to be carried out and when to know that the task has been completed. At the close of this stage, a manager would have a comprehensive plan for the project.
The execution process group
This process deals with the implementation of the laid down processes in the planning stage. Here the teams are guided to follow the process and effect them with the available resources. This stages relies greatly on the planning stage.
The monitoring and control process
Here the plan is brought into comparison with the progress of the project. This stage runs concurrently with the execution, this is basically because progress of a plan can only be monitored while the execution is still in process and not after and to ensure that no time creep occurs various factors are monitored such as the time allowed and costs to secure the smooth running of the project.
The project closure group
Though the task in a project has been completed, the project doesn't come to a close until a number of obligations are fulfilled. The project manager has to deliver the project to the end user or client, all financial obligations must be settled and resources released. An important aspect of this process is the recording and documentation of the entire process, for the purpose of noting points of error and effect corrections for better future processes.
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